Ship&#39;s construction.



l T. T. IONES.

SHIPS CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAYl. 1913.

l 167,503. Patented J an. 11, 1916.

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T. T. JONES.

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APPLICATION FILED MAY l. 1913.

LS. Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

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COLUMBIA PLANBGRAPH C0.,\vAsHxNcn-ON. D. c.

THOMAS TURToN JONES, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

SHIPS CONSTRUCTION.

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Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

Application led May 1, 1913. Serial No. 764,957.

To @ZZ whom t 'may concern.'

Be known that I, THOMAS TURTON JONES, a Subject of the King of England, residing at 656 -Royal Liver Building, Fier Head, Liverpool, in the county ot Lancaster, `England, have invented new and useful Im- Y provements in Aor Connected with Ships Construction, of which the following is a specification.

rThis invention has reference to the construction of ships; and has chiefly for its object to provide a construction which, when the ship is struck or damaged by collision Or similar accident, shall limit or diminish the degree of loss of stability or safety otl the ship due thereto, relatively to that they are liable to, if constructed according to the present or usual system. Or in other words, its chief object is to render` such Ships safer generally, and less liable to be sunk by being Struck by or colliding with another Ship or object, or like accident.

ln a metal ship of the type to which the present invention is to be applied, the sides and bottom, say up to or some distance above the water level of the ship, are formed or comprised of a plurality ot large tubes, or tubular or chamber construction, and eX- tend for the full length of the ship, or for major portionot it, say, and all interconnected and provided at intervals with transverse diaphragms or partitions (say from 2O to 40 feet apart), and with interspaced stiiening or strengthening members between the diaphragms pitched apart at com paratively short intervals.

According to this invention, on the inside of the web-trames, and `other trames, the inner plating or skin, constituting the true and vital shell of the ship, comes; that is, it is made stronger than the outer plating ot the tubular or chambered construction,`

which constitutes the vulnerable part or shell. Thus in this system, the vital part (that is the real shell plating) is constructed with the web-trames (and other usual or ordinary frames) outside the vital' shell plating; and connected with these parts is the vulnerable portion, consisting of or comprising the outer plating Or parts of the longitudinal tubular members, to which the Outer shell plating is not in some cases directly attached.

The invention will be :further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate it.

In these drawings, Figures l and 2 are vertical cross sections, and Figs. lA and 2A are plans in section of same, respectively, through the side, showing the ships construction. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the construction shown in Fig. l taken at the line A A Fig. 1A; and Fig.` i is a plan in section of a ships side showing a slight modiiication of the construction Shown in Figs. l and 1A, and ot which Fig. 3 is also a vertical section at the lines B B.

Referring to the drawings, l represents the horizontal tubular members, and 2 the transverse diaphragms in them, disposed at intervals apart, forming water tight chambers such as described.

3 represents theoutside shell plating and 4. is the inner or main vital shell plating.

5 represents the web-trames on the inner side of the tubular members l; and, as shown, the inner or vital shell plating or skin t (which extends the full girth from the center line of the ship, up to and above the water line) is on the inside of these frames; to which of course they will be directly attached; and all the parts will be suitably attached to one another as will be well understood to those skilled in shipbuilding.

The two skins may be 4t to 5 teet apart in a big ship and the true skin l might be about 1 thick, and the outer skin or plating 3, might be say about 14 to and the true skin 4f will extend down to, or near to, the tank tops, where it ceases, and then passes down through the bottom of the ship (and may constitute, it desired, a tank margin plate), and thence under the bottom, as shown. This true skin as shown in the drawings, is indicated by a thick line;

whereas the outer and vulnerable skin portion 3 is shown by a thin line. From the point where the true skin or shell passes from the inside of the ship to the ou ter, the

tank top plating 6 is preferably of the ordi-- nary thickness, z'. e. it is relatively thin to that of the true skin.

The upper deck 7 is of water tight construction, or constitutes a watertight deck; and this may be assumed to be what is called in a big Ship, the upper deck; and below this, is a middle deck 8; and again below that a lower deck 9. Between this deck 7 and the bottom, the frames of the ship come; and they are inclosed, as stated, on the outside by the plate 3.

In the side construction the horizontal plates 10 form the longitudinal diaphragms between the tubes 1, e'. e. constitute the bottom of one tube, and the top of the next tube below; and in some cases all of these plates may be imperforate throughout, while, in

(which in the case .shown extend up beyond the part of the skin plate 4 connecting the inner and outer parts of this skin) and they consist of inner web-frames 5, and ordinary frames 12, fastened to the inner skin 4 only; while the outer skin 3 between the plate 4 and the deck 7, is stiffened by vertical frames 13; and at certain distances in this modification (and in other constructions hereunder), the special diaphragms or frames 2 extend between the inner and outer skins, and are fastened in a water tight manner with these skins, and constitute combined vertical water tight diaphragms and web-frames. These water tight diaphragms :2 will be spaced apart, in a big ship like the Olympic about 30 feet from one another; while the web frames 5 will be about 10 feet from one another, and from the diaphragms 2. The distance apart of the frames 12 is about 30 inches; and the outer frames 13 are the same distance apart.

In the modification shown in Figs. 2 and 2A, all the frames 5 between the water tight frames 2, are a species of web-frame; and they will also be perforated, as shown. The water tight diaphragm frames 2, should in this, as in other cases, be much thicker than the web-frames 5, namely about of an inch in the former, and 4 of an inch in the latter.

The construction shown in Fig. 4 is the same as that shown in Figs. 1 and 1A, with the exception of the modifications in respect of the web-frames 5, which in this case are carried right across from the skin 4 to the skin 3i, to both of which they are attached in any suitable way, but not in a water tight manner; and they may be perforated with holes, as indicated in Fig. 2.

With regard to the construction in Figs. l and 1A, the frames 12 and 13 lying midway between the web-frames 5, and a web-frame and a diaphragm 2, at their upper parts, may be connected together by a plate, and fastenings, say to the depth of one of the tubes 1. This besides being a strengthening of the structure, enables a ship to be more easily built. The other remaining alternate frames 12 and 13 will have knee plates 'and fastenings, as 14, fastening them together under each horizontal diaphragm 10.

As to these modifications, the use or adoption of one or other, or the combination of them, in building a ship, will depend on the greater suitability of one or the other, and the requirements in each case.

With regard to the ordinary frames 15 of the ship, above the deck 7, these Vmay be scarfed to the frames 13, or 5 as the case may be; and in some cases may be strengthened by brackets extending between them and the deck 7. In all cases, the frames and webframes may be constructed square 0H, z'. e. of right angle section, from the inner skin.

What is claimed is A metal ships construction comprising sides of tubular construction having thick inner shell plates 4 and comparativelyV thin outer shell plates 3, and being fitted with vertical diaphragms or partitions 2 spaced at long intervals, and formingvertical water tight diaphragme between the shell plates 4 and 3, and with intervening frames 5, of relatively light, and of non-watertight construction, and attached to the inner shell 4, and to the outer shall 3; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signedmy name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.V

THOMAS TURTON JONES. Witnesses SOMERVILLE GooDALL,

GEORGE PERcY HOLMES.

Copies of this patent may he obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

